Association of Bedtime Milk Consumption with Adenoid Sizeand Tissue Microbiota Profiles in Children with Adenoid Hypertrophy

Wei Chai; Li Wang; Wenqian Wang; Chunbo Feng; Miao He; Jinsong Jiang; Minglang Zhou

doi:10.71321/r7de2v23

Authors

Wei Chai The Affiliated Bozhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University
Li Wang The Affiliated Bozhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University
Wenqian Wang The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University
Chunbo Feng The Affiliated Bozhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University
Miao He The Affiliated Bozhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University
Jinsong Jiang The Affiliated Bozhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University
Minglang Zhou The Affiliated Bozhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71321/r7de2v23

Keywords:

milk drinking, adenoid hypertrophy, gastroesophageal reflux, microorganisms

Abstract

Background: Adenoid hypertrophy is a common and frequently occurring disease in children, and the surgical rate is relatively high. Currently, the etiology is not yet clear, and it is of great significance to explore its pathogenesis and new treatment methods. To investigate the effect of milk consumption before bedtime on adenoid size and the tissue microbiota in children.

Methods: A total of 104 children who underwent surgical treatment for adenoid hypertrophy (AH) at our hospital between March 2023 and January 2024 were divided into a bedtime milk consumption group (n = 42) and a control group (n = 62) according to their milk consumption before bedtime. The adenoid-nasopharyngeal (A/N) ratio was measured, and adenoid tissue samples from a randomly selected subset of 20 participants in each group were subjected to five-region (5R) 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing.

Results: The average A/N ratio in the experimental group was 0.808 ± 0.070, vs 0.736 ± 0.037 in the control group, showing a significant difference (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in total microbial diversity or dominant bacterial community distribution in adenoid tissue between the two groups. However, comparison revealed the experimental group's adenoid tissue was enriched in Ruminococcus, Dorea, and Lachnospiraceae, common in the gastrointestinal tract.

Conclusions: Bedtime milk consumption was associated with a larger adenoid size and altered adenoid tissue microbiota profiles in children with AH. The enrichment of gastrointestinal-associated taxa suggests a potential link with reflux-related microbial exposure, which warrants further validation.

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